(2021) systematically analyzed the seasonal, intraseasonal, and interannual variations and long-term trends in surface chlorophyll along the southern coast of Sumatra and Java Island based on satellite remote sensing products however, quantification of the underlying mechanisms may not be achievable without three-dimensional information of currents, nutrients and so on.
(2010), which is a case study of a chlorophyll bloom induced by an eddy during boreal summer-fall in 2006. To date, few studies have directly quantified the contribution of physical processes to nutrient and chlorophyll dynamics off the southern coast of Java Island, except Iskandar et al. These analyses provide an overall description of SSC variations based on satellite observations however, further investigations based on in situ observations are needed to achieve better quantification. There was a weak increasing trend of ~0.1–0.2 mg/m3 per decade, above the global averaged trend, which may be related to enhanced local Ekman pumping. The interannual variability in SSC is caused by the anomalous upwelling related to the Indian Ocean Dipole. Coastally trapped Kelvin waves and mesoscale eddies are responsible for the intraseasonal SSC anomalies in regions along the south coast of Java and off the Sunda and Lombok Straits, respectively.
Local Ekman pumping plays a secondary role, while rainfall input to the ocean has little effect. The results show that seasonal variability of SSCs is primarily due to monsoon-driven upwelling and rainfall in the Indian Ocean and Indonesian seas sides of the Sumatra and Java Islands, respectively. Based on satellite remote sensing products, we investigate the multi-scale variability in SSC along the Sumatra-Java coast. This primary productivity can be evidenced by the high sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration (SSC). The southern coast of Java is known as one of the most productive fishing grounds for tuna, feeding by nutrient-rich water along the coast caused by the subsurface water upwelling.
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